In the following list of nutrients, we have tried to cover almost all the essential nutrients required by all living organisms. Nutrients are the compounds, chemicals, ingredients which all living organisms require to grow, and maintain their existence. These living organisms may include plants, animals, humans, and other macro and micro-level organisms. When these living organisms take their food, this food is broken down into smaller cellular level particles and all their nutrients are being absorbed. Some nutrients are broken down into smaller micronutrients and this process produces energy, water, and carbon dioxide. In almost all living organisms water is required to break down their food and extract their required nutrients while the rest of the waste is excreted. Different types of organisms require different nutrients. Following is the List of Nutrients and their subcategories required by organisms to survive and reproduce:
1- Carbohydrates
- Glucose
- Sucrose
- Ribose
- Amylose
- Amylopectin
- Maltose
- Galactose
- Fructose
- Lactose
2- Proteins
- Alanine
- Arginine
- Aspartic acid (aspartate)
- Asparagine
- Cysteine
- Glutamic acid (glutamate)
- Glutamine
- Glycine
- Histidine
- Isoleucine
- Leucine
- Lysine
- Methionine
- Phenylalanine
- Proline
- Serine
- Threonine
- Tryptophan
- Tyrosine
- Valine
3- Fats
Saturated fatty acids
- Butyric acid (C4)
- Caproic acid (C6)
- Caprylic acid (C8)
- Capric acid (C10)
- Lauric acid (C12)
- Myristic acid (C14)
- Pentadecanoic acid (C15)
- Palmitic acid (C16)
- Margaric acid (C17)
- Stearic acid (C18)
- Arachidic acid (C20)
- Behenic acid (C22)
- Lignoceric acid (C24)
- Cerotic acid (C26)
Monounsaturated fatty acids
- Myristoleic acid
- Oleic acid
- Eicosenoic acids
- Erucic acid
- Nervonic acid
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
- Linoleic acid (LA) – an essential fatty acid
- α-Linolenic acid (ALA) – an essential fatty acid
- Stearidonic acid (SDA)
- Arachidonic acid (ETA)
- Timnodonic acid (EPA)
- Clupanodonic acid (DPA)
- Cervonic acid (DHA)
Essential fatty acids
- Omega-3 fatty acid
- Omega-6 fatty acid
4- Minerals
- Potassium
- Chloride
- Sodium
- Calcium
- Phosphorus
- Magnesium
- Iron
- Zinc
- Manganese
- Copper
- Iodine
- Chromium
- Molybdenum
- Selenium
- Cobalt
5- Vitamins
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin B1
- Vitamin B2
- Vitamin B3
- Vitamin B5
- Vitamin B6
- Vitamin B7
- Vitamin B9
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin E
- Vitamin K
6- Fibre
- cellulose
- methyl cellulose
- hemicellulose
- lignans
- plant waxes
- resistant starches
- beta-glucans
- pectins
- natural gums
- inulin
- oligosaccharides
7- Water
